Frontier MIR/FIR Spectrometer

A gas chromatographic analysis of the extract can provide even greater sensitivity and more detailed compositional information, but further increases the time required for the analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis coupled to infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) can provide detailed information about the amount and nature of the pollution, while requiring no sample preparation at all. This application note illustrates the kind of data that can be obtained with a modern TG-IR system.

The combination of Thermogravimetric Analysis with Infrared Spectroscopy (TG-IR) is the most common type of evolved gas analysis. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) accurately measures the percentage weight loss of a sample as a function of temperature, but does not provide any information regarding the chemical composition of the evolved gases. Additionally, IR alone is not always sufficient for detecting the presence of components at low concentrations. This application note describes the development of a spectral library of TG-IR weight losses for polymers as well as the use of library-searching techniques for the identification of polymers and evolved gases from simple and more complex polymer formulations.

The use of IR imaging expands the measurement possibilities by giving information about the individual types of materials present in the collected particles. The information from the IR imaging experiment is not only qualitative (i.e. identification of the particulates), but can also be calibrated to give quantitative information on the components present. The IR imaging measurement will take only five minutes, whereas Ion Chromatography requires solvent extraction of the particulates and would take around 20-25 minutes per sample

Biodiesel fuels are often blended compositions of diesel fuel and esterified soybean oils, rapeseed oils, or other potential vegetable oils as well as fats. The physical and combustion properties of these biofuels have allowed them to achieve similar performance to diesel fuel. However, there are several characteristics that are of concern. These differences, especially the cetane reduction, require that adequate control of the biofuel concentration be implemented.

The move to include proportions of biodiesel in everyday fuel has created a host of unresolved issues for both engine manufacturers and diesel consumers. Uppermost among these are questions concerning the concentration of the biofuel (Fatty Acid, Methyl Ester – FAME) and its quality. This application note describes how infrared transmission measurements can be used to address the concentration measurements.

Cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS) has similarities with the better known cavity ringdown technique (CRDS) which measures the signal decay as a laser pulse emerges through one of the mirrors after successive reflections. By measuring the increase in the rate of decay caused by an absorbing species, CRDS can measure ppb concentrations of small molecules. The ringdown technique has typically been applied to small molecules where the wavelength of a NIR laser source can be tuned across very narrow individual lines of the spectra. In contrast this report describes CEAS using a broadband source applied to larger molecules where the spectra are broader.

The ability to accurately characterize textile fibres is important in many fields, including textile conservation, forensic analysis and industrial production. Conventional methods such as microscopy and spectroscopy can be used to investigate the morphology and chemistry of a sample, but reveal little about its miscrostructure.

, The PerkinElmer Frontier or Spectrum Two series of FT-IR spectrometers can be utilized successfully for the determination of oil and grease in water samples. The method shows good linearity and precision, with a detection limit below 0.5 mg/L.

Infrared spectroscopy is particularly suitable for the identification of materials, even when the differences between the materials are subtle variations in complex mixtures. In this note we demonstrate that biodiesel from several common feedstocks can be distinguished on the basis of absorption bands arising from double bonds in the fatty acid chains.

Biodiesel is seldom used neat (B100), typically being blended with fossil diesel at ratios from 5% v/v (B5) to 30% v/v (B30). Verifying the FAME content of diesel-fuel blends is an important aspect of quality control and auditing of blending and distribution operations. Because FAME has a strong infrared absorption at 1745 cm-1 due to the ester carbonyl group, infrared spectroscopy is an excellent technique for this analysis, and there are EN and ASTM® standard test methods describing the procedure

Heated ATR is used to follow the thermal changes in chcolatate, which is largely a suspension of sucrose and cocoa solids in a matrix of cocoa butter.

Application Note, Chinese Goldthread, Coptidis Rhizoma, FT-IR Spectroscopy, Chinese medicines, isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), ATR, attenuated total reflectance, Spectrum Software, Frontier

As the importance of sustainable energy production increases, so too does the global commitment to using fuels from renewable biological sources. Biodiesel is one such renewable fuel. Consisting of fatty acids of methyl esters (FAME), it is produced from plant crops by transesterification – a reaction in which natural triglycerides are cleaved and reacted with methanol, producing glycerol and FAME. Rapeseed, soy, sunflower, palm and jatropha are just part of the range of feedstocks used globally in the production of biodiesel.

Choose the PerkinElmer Frontier™ range of near-, mid- and far-IR Fourier Transform spectrometers for superior spectroscopic performance in demanding applications. Powerful and adaptable, the Frontier meets all your current analysis needs and can be expanded as your research goals evolve. And with automated range switching, mid- near- or far-IR techniques are available at your fingertips. An exceptional signal-to-noise ratio and photometric performance assures optimal spectral performance to ensure best-in-class sensitivity. This configurable platform provides dependable, consistent and trouble-free operation through years of service.

Frontier™ is PerkinElmer’s most powerful, adaptable IR solution yet, specially developed to offer superior performance in demanding applications.